Model Risk Profiles
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Microsoft MDASH
16
CVEs discovered May 2026
Anthropic Claude
5+
Code RCE + sandbox bypass
ChatGPT / OpenAI
7+
DNS exfil + zero-click memory
Google Gemini
3+
RAG exfil + nation-state use
AI Ecosystem
89%
YoY attack surge (MITRE)
Active Threat Intelligence
MSFT MDASH
AI Discovers 16 Windows Zero-Days — 4 Critical RCEs
CRITICAL 9.8
▾
Microsoft's MDASH (100+ agent AI scanning harness) discovered 16 vulnerabilities in Windows core networking / auth components, patched May 2026 Patch Tuesday. Four Critical RCEs: CVE-2026-33827 (unauthenticated UAF in IPv4 stack via Strict Source Route packets), CVE-2026-33824 (pre-auth double-free in IKEEXT/RRAS VPN), plus Netlogon and DNS Client flaws (CVSS 9.8). MDASH integrates with Defender Portal and GitHub Copilot Autofix at Microsoft Build 2026. 96% recall rate against 5 years of MSRC CVEs.
Exploit Chain — CVE-2026-33827 (IPv4 UAF)
Crafted IPv4 packet (Strict Source Route)
→
tcpip.sys use-after-free
→
Kernel corruption
→
Unauth RCE over network
Mitigations
- Deploy KB5089549 / KB5087420 (May 2026 Patch Tuesday) — same week, not end of month
- Enable MDASH signals in Defender Portal when available in private preview
- Segment RRAS VPN / DirectAccess hosts until patched
↗ Microsoft Security Blog — MDASH Disclosure
Agentic AIWindows KernelRCE
CLAUDE CODE
Claude Code RCE Before Consent + Silent Sandbox Network Bypass
HIGH 8.8
▾
CVE-2025-59536 (CVSS 8.8): code injection allowing arbitrary execution from malicious project directory before trust dialog completes — race condition in startup confirmation. CVE-2025-55284: bypass of confirmation prompts enabling silent file reads + network exfiltration via over-broad allowlist. SOCKS5 null-byte hostname injection (silently patched v2.1.90, April 2026, ~130 versions affected, no CVE assigned). Claude.ai prompt injection via invisible HTML in URL params steals conversation memory and sensitive data.
Exploit Chain — CVE-2025-59536 (InversePrompt)
Attacker crafts malicious repo
→
Victim clones & opens
→
Code runs before trust dialog
→
Arbitrary shell exec
Mitigations
- Update Claude Code to latest (auto-update enabled by default — verify)
- Never open untrusted repos in Claude Code without sandbox review
- Restrict Claude Code outbound via firewall rules
↗ Oasis Security — Claude.ai Prompt Injection
Prompt InjectionSandbox BypassAgentic Tool
CHATGPT
DNS Side-Channel Exfil + ZombieAgent Zero-Click Memory Hijack
HIGH
▾
ZombieAgent (Radware, Jan 2026): zero-click attack exploiting ChatGPT Connectors (Gmail, GitHub, Drive) to hijack persistent memory and exfiltrate data cross-session. Check Point Research: hidden DNS side-channel (patched Feb 20, 2026) bypassed the sandbox outbound-request guardrail — a single malicious prompt leaked user messages, uploaded files, and AI summaries via encoded DNS subdomains. Tenable: 7 flaws in ChatGPT-4o / SearchGPT for memory manipulation and zero-click theft, several confirmed on ChatGPT-5.
Exploit Chain — DNS Side-Channel
Malicious prompt delivered
→
Executes in Linux runtime
→
Chat data encoded in DNS subdomain
→
Attacker resolver logs exfil
Mitigations
- Audit ChatGPT Connectors — limit to business-critical sources only
- Deploy AI-aware DLP on content entering ChatGPT
- Monitor DNS exfiltration patterns from AI-integrated endpoints
↗ Check Point — ChatGPT DNS Exfiltration
Zero-ClickDNS ExfilMemory Poisoning
GEMINI
GeminiJack Enterprise RAG Spy + Nation-State Weaponisation
CRITICAL
▾
GeminiJack (Noma Security, Dec 2025): zero-click indirect prompt injection in Gemini Enterprise exploiting the trust boundary in RAG-retrieved content. Attacker plants instructions in Gmail / Google Docs / Calendar — Gemini executes them and exfiltrates corporate data without user interaction. CVE-2026-0628 (Palo Alto Unit 42): malicious Chrome extensions with basic permissions could hijack Gemini Live browser panel — camera/mic access, local file reads. Google GTIG confirms North Korea (UNC2970), Iran (APT42), China, and Russia actively using Gemini API for recon, malware dev, and AI-assisted zero-day creation.
Exploit Chain — GeminiJack (RAG Injection)
Attacker edits Google Doc/Calendar
→
Gemini Enterprise retrieves via RAG
→
Malicious instructions blend with context
→
Zero-click corporate exfil
Mitigations
- Restrict Gemini Enterprise to verified, controlled Workspace documents only
- Audit Chrome extensions — remove broad-permission installs
- Block Gemini API at enterprise egress for unauthorized workloads
↗ Infosecurity Magazine — GeminiJack
RAG InjectionNation-StateZero-Click
AI ECOSYSTEM
MCP Supply Chain Attacks + First Confirmed AI-Developed Zero-Day
CRITICAL — SYSTEMIC
▾
The structurally deepest threat: MCP server supply chain. 13.4% of audited public AI agent skills (ClawHub, skills.sh) contain at least one critical flaw — OS command injection, path traversal, credential exfiltration. CurXecute (CVE-2025-54135/54136): rogue MCP server injected malicious code into Cursor IDE browser. Google GTIG confirmed first AI-developed zero-day — a threat actor built and planned mass exploitation of a 0-day using AI assistance (GTIG cut it off). MITRE ATLAS v5.1 (Nov 2025): 16 tactics, 84 techniques, AML.T0058 (agentic context poisoning) added Feb 2026. AI-enabled attacks surged 89% YoY.
Exploit Chain — MCP Supply Chain
Dev installs MCP from registry
→
MCP contains malicious prompt
→
AI agent processes poisoned output
→
OS command injection / cred exfil
Mitigations
- Vet every MCP server — treat as third-party code, not a config file
- Implement LLM proxy / inline inspection on agentic tool invocations
- Use MITRE ATLAS Navigator to model your AI attack surface
↗ Google GTIG — AI Exploitation Report
MCP Supply ChainAI Zero-DayMITRE ATLAS
OWASP LLM Top 10 — 2025 Edition
View Full List ↗
LLM01
Prompt Injection
Manipulate model via crafted input
LLM02
Sensitive Info Disclosure
PII / creds leak in model output
LLM03
Supply Chain
Compromised models / MCP servers
LLM04
Data / Model Poisoning
Training data manipulation
LLM05
Insecure Output Handling
XSS / RCE from model output
LLM06
Excessive Agency
Agentic overreach / unintended actions
LLM07
System Prompt Leakage
Hidden instructions exposed
LLM08
Vector / Embedding Weaknesses
RAG data poisoning attacks
LLM09
Misinformation
Hallucination as attack surface
LLM10
Unbounded Consumption
DoS / resource exhaustion via LLM